[2607.15927]
DUNE Collaboration, S. Abbaslu, F. Abd Alrahman, A. Abed Abud, R. Acciarri, L. P. Accorsi, M. A. Acero, M. R. Adames, G. Adamov, M. Adamowski, K. Adhikari, C. Adriano, K. Agudelo-Jaramillo, F. Akbar, F. Alemanno, N. S. Alex, L. Aliaga Soplin, A. Alqaisi, M. Alrashed, A. Alton, R. Alvarez, T. Alves, A. Aman, H. Amar, R. Amarinei, P. Amedo, E. P. M. Amorim, J. Anderson, D. A. Andrade, C. Andreopoulos, M. Andreotti, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, F. Anjarazafy, S. Ansarifard, D. Antic, A. Antonakis, A. Aranda-Fernandez, T. Araya-Santander, L. Arellano, E. Arrieta Diaz, M. A. Arroyave, M. Artero Pons, J. Asaadi, M. Ascencio, A. Ashkenazi, L. Asquith, E. Atkin, D. Auguste, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, D. Ávila Gómez, M. B. Azam, F. Azfar, J. J. Back, Y. Bae, I. Bagaturia, L. Bagby, H. Bagdu, R. Bajou, S. Balasubramanian, A. Balboni, P. Baldi, W. Baldini, J. Baldonedo, B. Baller, B. Bambah, F. Barao, D. Barbu, G. Barenboim, P. Barham Alzás, G. J. Barker, W. Barkhouse, E. Barlas Yucel, G. Barr, W. Barrett, D. Barrow, J. L. Barrow, A. Basharina-Freshville, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, M. Bassani, D. Basu, L. Bathe-Peters, J. G. Batista Sigolo, J.B.R. Battat, F. Battisti, J. Bautista, F. Bay, J. L. L. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, A. Beever, B. Behera, E. Belchior, B. Bell, G. Bell, L. Bellantoni
ProtoDUNE-DP was the largest ever built Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) operating in Dual-Phase (DP) mode, with a liquid target and charge read-out placed in the gas. It had an active volume of $6\times6\times6$\,m$^3$ corresponding to an active mass of 300\,t (total LAr mass of 720\,t), constructed at the CERN Neutrino Platform and took data from 2019 to 2020 with cosmic muons. In ProtoDUNE-DP the electric drift field is oriented in the vertical direction, causing the electrons to drift vertically towards the anode at the top. The ionization charge is then extracted into the gaseous argon above the liquid surface, amplified by Townsend avalanches, and collected by the charge readout planes. The detector experienced significant technical problems affecting the long-term operation of the Charge Readout Planes, formed by the Large Electron Multipliers, but other critical segments demonstrated required performance including the delivery of -300 kV to the TPC cathode, verification of replaceable charge read-out electronics, and operation of the photon detection system. ProtoDUNE-DP experience resulted in improved designs of the Vertical Drift LArTPC.